What substance is formed when Portland cement, water, sand, and lime are combined?

When Portland cement is mixed with water, sand, and lime, the resulting substance is mortar. Mortar is a workable paste used primarily for masonry, serving as an adhesive material to bind bricks, stones, or concrete blocks together. The inclusion of lime in the mix improves the workability and bonding characteristics of the mortar, making it easier for masons to apply and ensuring a good adhesion to the building materials.

Concrete, although a closely related material, is typically formed when Portland cement, water, sand, and larger aggregates such as gravel or crushed stone are combined. Stucco is a type of plaster made from Portland cement, sand, and water, often used as an exterior finish, while grout is a fluid form of concrete used to fill gaps or spaces, particularly in tiled surfaces or joints. Mortar specifically refers to the mixture of cement, sand, water, and lime used in masonry work.