Which of the following is a common cause of structural collapse?

The correct answer identifies two significant events that can lead to structural collapse: earthquakes and explosions. Earthquakes generate powerful ground movements that can compromise the integrity of a structure, particularly if it is not designed to withstand seismic forces. Traditional building materials and designs may fail under the stress of shaking, resulting in various forms of structural failure, including partial or total collapse.

Similarly, explosions produce sudden forces and shockwaves that can exceed the design limits of many structures. Depending on the size and proximity of the explosion, it can create immediate structural damage, leading to catastrophic collapse.

While flooding and landslides, corrosion of materials, and vehicle collisions can also contribute to structural failures, earthquakes and explosions are particularly notable for their abrupt and intense impact, making them direct and prevalent causes of structural collapse in disaster scenarios. Understanding these dynamics is critical for emergency responders and structural engineers when planning for and mitigating the risks of structural failure.